Abstract
This report was presented to explain the relationships between various soil pH based on the present land use, nodes of depositions, and pH measurement methods ($H_2O$ and KCl extract). The samples were collected from 160 soil series in Korea. The results were summarized as follows. 1. The average pH ($H_2O$) of surface soil were $5.3{\pm}0.6$ for paddy soils, $5.5{\pm}0.9$ for upland, $5.4{\pm}0.5$ for forest soils, $5.3{\pm}0.6$ for grassland and $5.4{\pm}0.7$ for country average. 2. The average pH (KCl) of surface soil were $4.2{\pm}0.6$ for representative soils. Paddy soils had $4.2{\pm}0.6$; upland $4.2{\pm}0.8$; forest soils, $4.0{\pm}0.6$; and grassland, $4.3{\pm}0.6$. 3. The soil pH in B and C horizons were generally higher than that of A horizons. 4. The soil pH in field were correlated with lab. soil pH ($H_2O$) and pH (KCl). Field soil pH measured by pH kit could be highly accepted in accuracy compared with lab. pH of upland, grassland, forest and paddy soils. 5. Soil pH ($H_2O$) of surface based on mode of depositions was generally higher in residuum of mountainous and hilly land than those of Fluvio-marine deposits and old alluvium, however soil pH (KCl) was higher in fiuvio-marine deposits than those of mountainous and hilly land. It was shown that soil pH (KCl) was more reasonable than that of soil pH ($H_2O$) in practical use.
우리나라 토양(土壤)의 반응(反應)(pH)에 대(對)하여 최근(最近) 설정(設定)된 160개(個) 토양통(土壤統)을 중심(中心)으로 토지이용(土地利用) 현황별(現況別) 퇴적양식별(堆積樣試別) pH와 pH 측정조건간(測定條件間)의 상관(相關) 관계(關係)를 조사(調査)한바 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 우리나라 대표(代表) 토양(土壤)들의 토지이용별(土地利用別) 표시토(表尸土)의 평균(平均) pH($H_2O$) 값은 답토양(畓土壤) $5.3{\pm}0.6$, 전토양(田土壤) $5.5{\pm}0.9$, 임야지(林野地) $5.4{\pm}0.5$, 초지(草地) $5.3{\pm}0.6$이였으며 전체(全體) 평균(平均)은 $5.4{\pm}0.7$이였다. 2. 상기(上記) pH값은 pH(KCl)값으로 답토양(畓土壤) $4.2{\pm}0.6$, 전토양(田土壤) $4.2{\pm}0.8$, 임야지(林野地) $4.0{\pm}0.6$, 초지(草地) $4.3{\pm}0.6$이며 전체(全體) 평균(平均)은 $4.2{\pm}0.6$이다. 3. 시위별(尸位別) pH값은 A시(尸)보다 B시(尸) C시(尸)으로 갈수록 높은 경향(傾向)을 보여주었다. 4. pH(field), pH($H_2O$) pH(KCl)간(間)에는 유의(有意)한 상관(相關)을 보여 주었으며 그 관계(關係)는 전(田), 초지(草地), 임야(林野), 답(畓)의 순(順)으로 현지(現地)에서 비색법(比色法)으로 측정(測定)하는 pH(field)값도 상당(相當)히 정확(正確)한 측정치(測定値)를 얻을 수 있었다. 5. 퇴적양식별(堆積樣式別) pH값은 표시토(表尸土)에 대(對)한 pH($H_2O$)에서 산악지(山岳地) 및 구릉지(丘陵地) 잔적(殘積)이 하해혼성충적이나 홍적(洪積)보다 높았고 pH(KCl)에서는 하해혼성충적이 산악(山岳) 및 구릉지(丘陵地) 보다 높아서 앞으로 토양(土壤) pH값의 대표(代表)는 pH(KCl)고 하는것이 합리적(合理的)인 것으로 생각된다.