초록
韓國産 酸性白土類 및 日本産 白土를 1NKCI 溶液으로 처리한 후 그 瀘液의 pH를 측정하므로써 그들의 酸性度를 결정하였다. 또 $KCI,\;NaCI,\;BaCI_2,\;Pb(NO_3)_2$ 및 $CuSO_4$ 들의 中性鹽溶液이 酸性度에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과 위의 적은 順으로 그 영향이 작음을 알았고 이것은 $K^+>Na^+>Ba^{++}>Pb^{++}>Cu^{++}$의 順으로 Lyotrope 系列과 일치하였다. 그리고 cation 吸着후에 白土로부터 용출되는 $Al_2O_3$ 및 $Fe_2O_3$를 측정한 결과 溶出量이 酸性度에 대략 비례함을 알았다. 이 결과는 白土類의 酸性原因이 cation 交換에 의해서 1차적으로 생긴 HCI이 白土固體와 反應하여 溶出한 鹽化物이 加水分解를 일으켜 2차적으로 HCI을 형성한다는 小林, 山本들의 설명과 일치한다. 鹽基性 및 酸性色素의 水溶液에서 白土의 色素吸着率을 측정한 결과 酸性色素는 酸性度와 무관계하며 吸着되지 않았으나 鹽基性色素의 吸着率은 酸性度에 비례함을 보았다. 鹽基性色素吸着후의 pH는 固體酸의 酸性度에 비례하였으며 色素吸着率에도 비례하였으므로 鹽基性色素吸着은 中性鹽의 吸着메카니즘과 동일하다고 보았다. 本 實驗결과로부터 固體酸의 水溶液에서의 酸性原因, 色素吸着 메카니즘을 考察하게 되었다.
Korean acid clays and Japanese acid clay were 1 N KCl solution and then their acidities were determined by measuring pH of the filtrates produced. And on examining the effect of neutral salt solution, such as KCl, NaCl, $BaCl_2,\;Pb(NO_3)_2\;and\;CuSO_4$, on the acidity, it was found that the effect decreased in order mentioned above and this situation proved to be in accord with Lyotrope series, i.e., the order of $K^+>Na^+>Ba^{++}>Pb^{++}>Cu^{++}.$ And after adsorbing cation, $Al_2O_3\;and\;Fe_2O_3$ which dissolved out of acid clay were measured, with the result that the amounts dissolved out were nearly proportional to acidity. This result accords with Kobayashi and Yamamoto's theory that the cause for acidity of clays is due to the fact that HCl which is formed initially by exchange of cation reacts with solid clay, and then chlorides dissolved out bring about hydrolysis, then resulting in the second formation of HCl. On measuring the rate which acid clay adsorbed dye in aqueous solution of basic and acid dyes, it was found that acid dye had no relation to acidity, and though it was not adsorbed by acid clay, the adsorption rate of basic dye was proportional to acidity. After adsorbing basic dye, pH was proportional to both acidity of solid acid and its adsorption rate of dye. Hence, it was concluded that the adsorption of basic dye was in accord with adsorption mechanism of neutral salt. This study led to find the acidic cause of solid acid and its adsorption mechanism of dye in aqueous solution.