A VR-Trainer for Forklift Operation Safety Skills

This research investigates how a Virtual Reality (VR)-based simulation could be used to train safe operation skills for forklift operators. Forklift operation is categorized as high-risk work by many occupational health and safety regulators and authorities due to high injury and fatality rates involved with forklifts. Therefore, many safety guidelines have been developed for forklift operators. Typically, forklift operation safety training is delivered based on instructional texts or videos, which have limitations in influencing people's safety behavior. Against this background, we propose a VR-based forklift simulator that can enable safe operation skills training through a feedback system. The training program consists of several modules to teach how to perform the basic tasks of forklift operation, such as driving, loading and unloading, following the safety guidelines. The system provides instantaneous instructions and feedback regarding safe operation. This training system is based on the model of "learning-by-doing". The user can repeat the training modules as many times as necessary before being able to perform the given task without violating any safety guidelines. The last training module tests the user's acquisition of all safety skills required. The user feedback from several demonstration sessions showed the potential usefulness of the proposed training system.