An Estimation of Head Loss Coefficients at Continuous Circular Manhole
연속 맨홀에서의 손실계수 산정
- Published : 2008.02.28
Abstract
Urban sewer systems are designed to operate in open-channel flow regime and energy loss at circular manholes are usually not significant. However, the energy loss at manholes, often exceeding the friction loss of pipes under surcharge flow, is considered as one of the major causes of inundation in urban area. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the head loss associated with manholes, especially in surcharge flow. Hydraulic experimental apparatus with two circular manholes was installed for this study. The range of the experimental discharges were from