Large Conformational Changes and Molecular Recognition in Signal Transduction: Calmodulin and Active Transport/Chemosensory Receptors

Calmodulin: very large conformation change of helix uncoiling, hinge-bending and domain rotation. Calmodulin (CaM) is the principal Ca$\^$2＋/ -dependent regulator of a variety of important eukaryotic cellular processes. In many of these processes, calmodulin activates a plethora of target enzymes, and the calmodulin-binding domains in several targets have been shown to residue in a region of about 18-residue peptide segment.(omitted)