Effects of Ginseng Total Saponin on Morphine-induced Alterations in Brain Opioid and Dopamine Receptors

Several behavioral studies have suggested that ginseng total saponin (GTS) antagonizes morphine actions. Based on these observations, we conducted biochemical studies to elucidate the cellular mechanism of GTS actions. morphine hydrochloride (10mg/kg, sc) and/or on (400mg/kg, oral ) were administered to mice for 14 consecutive days. Ligand binding studies were conducted from striatal membranes. For opioid receptors, morphine increased the affinity but decreased the maximal binding sites for $^3$H naloxone. GTS partially recovered it. In case of dopamine receptors, morphine increased affinity and maximal binding sites for 3H spiperone. and GTS partially blocked it. These results suggest that morphine affects cellular events by modulating opioid receptors and that opioid receptors interact with dopamine receptors to change the mental status. GTS could be helpful for the treatment of morphine- induced mental disorders.