Siltation and its Countermeasures for the Development of Modernized Port

Modernization of a port requires a considerable port facility expansion through grading up the cargo handling efficiency, increasing water depth of channels and basins to accomodate Large ships, etc. In many ports in the world, the needs of bigger ship calls in excess of conventional capacity of channels and basins demand for capital dredging as well as maintenance dredging resulting from siltation, and those activities are incurring heavy annual expenditure of the ports. (omitted)