Reticuloendothelial System Potentiating of Polysaccharide from Panax Species

Panax속 식물의 다당류가 망내계 활성에 미치는 영향

  • Ohtani Kazuhiro (Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Hiroshima University. School of Medicine) ;
  • Hirose Kumi (Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Hiroshima University. School of Medicine) ;
  • Hatana Shunso (Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.) ;
  • Mizutani Kenji (Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Hiroshima University. School of Medicine) ;
  • Kasai Ryoji (Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Hiroshima University. School of Medicine) ;
  • Tanaka Osamu (Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Hiroshima University. School of Medicine) ;
  • Masuda Hitoshi (Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Hiroshima University. School of Medicine) ;
  • Furukawa Hiromi (Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Hiroshima University. School of Medicine) ;
  • Fuwa Tohru (Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.)
  • Published : 1988.08.01

Abstract

Polysaccharides which show reticuloendothelial system potentiating activity in carbon clearance tests have been examined in water extracts of Panx species. From the dried roots of P. notoginseng, an active polysaccharide called sanchinan-A was isolated. The molecular weight of sanchinan-A was estimated to be 1,500,000D and the structure was determined to be $\beta$-D-(1-3-galactan), possessing branch points at positions 0-6 at which (mainly-$\alpha$-L-arabinofuranosyl and partly $\beta$-D-galactopyranosyl)-(1-6)-$\beta$-D-galacto-pyranosyl-(1-3)-$\beta$-D-galactopyranosyl side chains are attached on average, to two of three galactosyl units. From dried rhizomes of P. japonicus, several active polysaccharides were also isolated, and these structuers were also determined. From the dried roots of P. ginseng, several polysaccharides which showed strong activity were isolated. The structures of these compounds are currently under investigation. The polysaccharide fraction (non-dialyzed fraction) of the water extract of red ginseng (steam-dried roots) did not exhibit activity, while the dialyzed fraction potentiated RES. Activity disappeared, however, during the process of separation due to the presence of a substance in the fraction which stabilizes an active substance.

망내계에서 강한 탄소제거 활성을 나타내는 다당류를 Panax식물속에서 조사하였다. 건조한 P. notoginseng 에서 sanchinan-A라는 활성을 지닌 다당류를 분리하였다. Sanchinan-A의 분자량은 약 1,500,000 D 정도로 추정되며 6번 산소위치에 가지가 있는 $\beta$-D(1-3)-galactan 구조를 가지고 있다. 3개의 glactosyl units에 2개 정도의 빈도로 6번산소위치에 주로 $\alpha$-L-arabionfuranosyl이 있으며 일부는 $\beta$-galactopyranosyl-(1-6)-$\beta$-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-3)-$\beta$-D-galactopyranosyl 가지가 있다. 건조한 P. japonicus의 근경에서도 활성을 지닌 몇가지 다당류가 분리되어 그 구조가 규명되었다. 건조한 P. ginseng의 뿌리에서는 강한 활성을 지닌 몇가지 다당류가 분리되었다. 이들 화합물의 구조는 현재 구명중이다. 홍삼의 물 추출물에서는 활성을 보이지 않았으나 투석한 분획에서는 현저히 망내계기능을 강화시켰다. 그러나 이러한 활성도는 분리과정에서 소실되었다. 이러한 사실로 보아 인삼중에서는 활성물질을 안정화 시키는 어떤 물질이 그 분획중에 존재하기 때문인 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords