Korean Journal of Remote Sensing (대한원격탐사학회지)

Korean Society of Remote Sensing (대한원격탐사학회)
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Estimate and Analysis of Planetary Boundary Layer Height (PBLH) using a Mobile Lidar Vehicle system

이동형 차량탑재 라이다 시스템을 활용한 경계층고도 산출 및 분석

  • Nam, Hyoung-Gu (High Impact Weather Research Center, Observation Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, KMA) ;
  • Choi, Won (High Impact Weather Research Center, Observation Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, KMA) ;
  • Kim, Yoo-Jun (High Impact Weather Research Center, Observation Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, KMA) ;
  • Shim, Jae-Kwan (High Impact Weather Research Center, Observation Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, KMA) ;
  • Choi, Byoung-Choel (High Impact Weather Research Center, Observation Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, KMA) ;
  • Kim, Byung-Gon (Department of Atmospheric Environmental Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
  • 남형구 (국립기상과학원 관측기반연구과 재해기상연구센터) ;
  • 최원 (국립기상과학원 관측기반연구과 재해기상연구센터) ;
  • 김유준 (국립기상과학원 관측기반연구과 재해기상연구센터) ;
  • 심재관 (국립기상과학원 관측기반연구과 재해기상연구센터) ;
  • 최병철 (국립기상과학원 관측기반연구과 재해기상연구센터) ;
  • 김병곤 (강릉원주대학교 대기환경과학과)
  • Received : 2016.04.16
  • Accepted : 2016.06.24
  • Published : 2016.06.30
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Abstract

Planetary Boundary Layer Height (PBLH) is a major input parameter for weather forecasting and atmosphere diffusion models. In order to estimate the sub-grid scale variability of PBLH, we need to monitor PBLH data with high spatio-temporal resolution. Accordingly, we introduce a LIdar observation VEhicle (LIVE), and analyze PBLH derived from the lidar loaded in LIVE. PBLH estimated from LIVE shows high correlations with those estimated from both WRF model ($R^2=0.68$) and radiosonde ($R^2=0.72$). However, PBLH from lidar tend to be overestimated in comparison with those from both WRF and radiosonde because lidar appears to detect height of Residual Layer (RL) as PBLH which is overall below near the overlap height (< 300 m). PBLH from lidar with 10 min time resolution shows typical diurnal variation since it grows up after sunrise and reaches the maximum after 2 hours of sun culmination. The average growth rate of PBLH during the analysis period (2014/06/26 ~ 30) is 1.79 (-2.9 ~ 5.7) m $min^{-1}$. In addition, the lidar signal measured from moving LIVE shows that there is very low noise in comparison with that from the stationary observation. The PBLH from LIVE is 1065 m, similar to the value (1150 m) derived from the radiosonde launched at Sokcho. This study suggests that LIVE can observe continuous and reliable PBLH with high resolution in both stationary and mobile systems.

대기경계층고도 (Planetary Boundary Layer Height, PBLH)는 기상예측모델과 대기확산모델에 중요한 예측 인자이다. PBLH는 지역의 특성에 따라 시공간 빠르게 변화하기 때문에 이를 분석하기 위하여 시공간 고해상도로 관측된 자료가 필요하다. 본 연구에서 국립기상과학원 재해기상연구센터에서 운영중인 차량에 탑재된 라이다 시스템(Lidar observation Vehicle, LIVE)을 소개하고 이것으로 관측된 PBLH의 분석결과를 제시하였다. 분석기간 (2014년 6월 26일~30일) LIVE에서 산출된 PBLH는 WRF와 라디오존데에서 산출된 값과 비교하여 결정계수가 각각 0.68, 0.72로 높은 상관도를 나타내었다. 하지만, 라이다로 산출된 PBLH는 WRF, 라디오존데와 비교하여 값을 과대모의 하는 경향을 보였다. 이는 라이다가 중첩고도 이하 (< 300m)에서 나타나는 PBLH를 찾아내지 못하고 중첩고도 이상에서 나타나는 잔류층 (Residual Layer, RL)을 PBLH로 산출한 결과라 생각된다. 라이다를 활용하여 10분 시간 해상도로 산출된 PBLH는 일출 뒤 성장하다 태양의 남중이 최고가 되는 시점의 2시간 이후 서서히 감소하는 전형적인 일변화 경향을 보여주었다. 분석기간 평균 PBLH의 성장률은 1.79 (-2.9 ~ 5.7) m $min^{-1}$ 였다. 또한, 이동 중 관측된 라이다 신호를 고정관측 기반자료와 비교한 결과 잡음이 적은 것으로 나타났다. 이동 중 관측된 PBLH의 평균은 1065 m 였으며 인근 속초에서 비양된 라디오존데 (1150 m)와 유사한 값을 보였다. 본 연구에서 LIVE가 고해상도의 시공간 자료를 안정적으로 산출 할 수 있음을 제시하였다. 이 같은 LIVE의 장점은 에어로졸 및 대기구조에 대한 새로운 관측 패러다임 제시와 관측기술선진화에 기여도가 클 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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